What are solar photovoltaic (PV) panels?

Nowadays, several technologies have been developed to make the most of this vast and endless pool of solar energy . At the forefront, solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are made of semiconductors that convert sunlight into electricity.

Do solar PV systems impact the environment?

The previous literature review reveals a well-established environmental impacts assessment of the solar PV systems is crucial. Currently, there is a gap in the literature regarding the impact of different PV system components on the environment.

How do PV panels affect ecological processes?

In particular, variability in light and the redistribution of precipitation shed from PV panels can strongly influence ecological processes below. For example, PV arrays have been shown to alter patterns of grassland plant productivity 8, 9, phenology 10 and nutrient content of the plants beneath arrays 11.

Can solar PV improve biodiversity?

Liu et al. for example, showed that solar PV facilities could promote plant biomass, coverage and richness therefore improving the progress and quality of vegetation recovery. Conceptual model of photovoltaic and solar thermal panels potential effects on natural/semi-natural habitats and biodiversity.

Do photovoltaic installations affect biodiversity?

However, the currently available evidence regarding the effects of photovoltaic installations on biodiversity is still scarce. More research is urgently needed on non-flying mammals and bats as well as amphibians and reptiles. Solar thermal panels and floating PV installations should also be further investigated.

Why is photovoltaic energy important?

Furthermore, as a clean and renewable energy source, photovoltaic energy has contributed substantially to energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection by fundamentally reducing greenhouse gas emissions such as CO 2 and N 2 O 31, 32, 33.